含代名詞之句型(五)
the former ... the latter
結構︰the former ... the latter ...
說明︰此句型意為“前者…後者…”。可代替單複數<名詞>，而“that（指前者）… this（指後者）…”或“the one（指前者）…the other（指後者）…”，只能代替單數<名詞>。若兩個<名詞>均為複數時，也可用“those ... these ...”取代“the former ... the latter ...”。
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Virtue and vice are two different things: the former/that/the one leads to peace, the latter/this/the other to misery.
美德與邪惡是不同的，前者帶來和平，後者導致痛苦。
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Man differs from beasts in that the former is able to laugh, while the latter aren’t.
人不同於野獸，因前者能笑，而後者卻不能。
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Jane and Mary are good friends; the former is a teacher, the latter is a nurse.
珍和瑪麗是好朋友，前者是老師，後者是護士。
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Dogs are more faithful animals than cats; these attach themselves to places, and those to persons.
狗比貓忠心，後者依戀地方，前者依戀人。
... one ..., the other ...
結構︰…two＋複數名詞，one…the other…
說明︰此句型意為“一個…另一個…”。用於限定的兩者，只有在“two＋複數名詞”之後才能使用。
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I have two aunts; one lives in Tokyo and the other in Osaka.
我有兩個姑媽；一個住在東京，另一個住在大阪。
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I have two dogs; one is white, and the other is brown.我有兩條狗；一條白色的，一條棕色的。
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The two brothers often quarrel with each other; one is stubborn, and the other (is) selfish.
這兩兄弟經常吵架；一個很固執，另一個則很自私。
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I don’t like this one; show me the other.
我不喜歡這個，給我看另一個。（暗示：這種東西只有兩種）