真經考題

戴爾美語TOEFL托福試題與解題示範教學 2025年9月17日

戴爾美語TOEFL托福試題與解題示範教學 2025年9月17日

本週我們看看托福閱讀中，考最多、最重要的 “factual information” 事實題。

The 1930s Dust Bowl that threatened to turn the United States Great Plains into a vast desert was a traumatic experience that led to revolutionary changes in American agricultural practices, such as the planting of tree shelter belts, rows of trees planted beside fields to slow wind and thus reduce wind erosion.
Perhaps the most lasting change is strip cropping, the planting of crops on alternate strips with fallowed (not planted) land each year.
This permits soil moisture to accumulate on the fallowed strips, while the planted strips reduce wind speed and hence the wind erosion on the idled strips.
The key to controlling wind erosion is to keep the land covered with vegetation as much as possible and to slow wind speed at ground level.

2. According to paragraph 2, which of the following is true about strip cropping?

O It increases crop yields annually.
O It forces farmers to plant crops that absorb less water and fewer nutrients from the soil.
O It requires the use of shelterbelts.
O It prevents wind erosion and allows moisture to collect on sections of land left unplanted.

以個人多年教學考試經驗，事實題可以用四個步驟破解：

托福事實題四步解題法

一、Use the anchor word/s in the questions and options

找題目與選項中最關鍵的詞彙（anchor word），通常是專有名詞或重點概念。
本題 anchor word: strip cropping。

=選項出現的 anchor words: increase crop yields annually / absorb less water / shelterbelts /
prevent wind erosion / collect moisture

二、Locate the source of these anchor words in the paragraph

回到原文，掃描並定位出含有這些 anchor words 的句子。

* 原文句子：「This permits soil moisture to accumulate on the fallowed strips, while the planted strips reduce wind speed and hence the wind erosion on the idled strips.」

三、Look at the sentence and then sentences before and after it

不要只看一個句子，前後文也要帶入，避免誤解。

前文：strip cropping 的定義 → crops on alternate strips with fallowed land.
後文：關鍵控制原則 → keep land covered and slow wind speed.

四、Identify the paraphrased answer in the options

對照選項，找到與原文意思一致但表述不同的句子。

原文：「soil moisture to accumulate」 → 選項 D: allows moisture to collect
原文：「reduce wind speed and hence the wind erosion」 →選項 D: prevents wind erosion→ 正確答案是 D

托福學術字彙與專業術語
1. dust bowl 沙塵暴地帶
The ecological catastrophe of the 1930s Dust Bowl in the United States exemplifies how the conjunction of climatic extremes and unsustainable farming practices can transform fertile plains into barren wastelands, thereby reshaping both demographic patterns and agricultural policies. 美國在1930年代的沙塵暴地帶生態浩劫，說明了氣候極端與不可持續的耕作方式如何將肥沃的平原轉變為荒蕪的不毛之地，進而重塑人口分布與農業政策。
2. traumatic 創傷性的
The traumatic legacy of forced displacement, whether caused by environmental disasters or armed conflict, often leaves deep psychological scars that extend across generations, destabilizing social cohesion and cultural identity. 無論是環境災難或武裝衝突所導致的被迫遷移，其創傷性的遺產往往在世代之間留下深刻的心理傷痕，並使社會凝聚力與文化身份不穩定。
3. revolutionary 革命性的
The introduction of digital technologies into higher education has had a revolutionary impact, fundamentally altering modes of knowledge production, dissemination, and student engagement across global academic institutions. 數位科技的引入對高等教育產生了革命性的影響，從根本上改變了知識的生產、傳播以及學生在全球學術機構中的參與模式。
4. erosion 侵蝕
The continuous erosion of coastal zones, accelerated by rising sea levels and intensified storm activity, poses a significant threat not only to ecological diversity but also to the sustainability of human settlements. 海平面上升與風暴加劇所造成的沿岸區域持續侵蝕，不僅對生態多樣性構成重大威脅，也對人類聚落的永續性造成挑戰。
5. alternate 輪流的；交替的
In crop rotation systems, farmers employ alternate planting strategies, shifting between legumes and cereals, to replenish soil nutrients and mitigate the risks of pest infestations. 在輪作制度中，農民採用交替的栽培策略，在豆科與穀類之間切換，以補充土壤養分並降低病蟲害的風險。
6. fallow 休耕
The practice of leaving fields fallow for a season is not merely an agricultural technique but also an ecological strategy that allows soil to regenerate, retain moisture, and recover its fertility. 將農田休耕一季的做法不僅是一種農業技術，也是讓土壤再生、保水並恢復肥力的生態策略。

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